Sage Mirror Network

This is a collection of notes on how the mirror network of Sage operates and a howto on how a mirror is setup. This might be of interest outside Sage, too. It's only Linux specific.

RSYNC

rsync

1. is a tool to synchronize a local directory with the contents of a remote directory.
2. is a server, that provides access to local directories to exchange data using the rsync protocol.

To synchronize with Sage's master, you can use this command:

rsync -av --delete-after boxen.math.washington.edu::sage $TARGET

where $TARGET should be replaced by your local target directory.

1. -a switches to archive mode (same timestamp, ...)

2. -v (or -vv, -vvv) verbosity level, for the lovely logs

3. --delete-after tells rsync to delete files that are not on the master after the synchronization has finished. There are also other versions of --delete* that can be used to delete older files earlier or during the process, but it's best if files stay on the mirror during sync. Do not forget one of the --delete* switches!

Other Sources: Since the master is sometimes slow, you can also try to rsync from one of the mirrors:

• rsync://ftp.sh.cvut.cz::sagemath
• rsync://rsync.mirrorservice.org/sites/www.sagemath.org/

rsync master

It's dead simple to setup an rsync master server. In Ubuntu/Debian, you have to install rsync and then edit the rsync config file /etc/rsyncd.conf. The inet deamon calls the rsync process if someone wants to connect.

Periodic Checks

At least twice a day, a mirror should check if there are updates on the master. Most of the time there is nothing to do, so it quits fast and nothing happens. If there is a new release, the synchronization starts and it might take some time. Here I describe two techniques, how to avoid concurrent calls of the rsync task in case it takes a bit longer. I use a setup where the mirror checks on every full hour and only runs as one instance.

crontab

crontab is a nice system daemon, that does periodic task scheduling in linux. As a regular user, run crontab -e in a terminal to start the crontab editor. A line like

*/10 * * * * "/home/<username>/rsync_sagemath" 2> /home/<username>/rsync_sagemath.errors > /dev/null

calls the rsync_sagemath script every time the minutes in the computer clock are "00" or a multiple of "10" (modulo 10). Something like "0 */2 * * * " does it every second hour when the minutes are "00", "0 1,9,19 * * * " at full hours 1am, 9am and 7pm, ... Read the man crontab page for more information. The part after that just says that errors should be written into a specific file and everything else should be written nowhere.

Beware, there *has* to be a <newline> at the end of the file, not just the crontab line.

A nice addition would be to write the output of the rsync task to a temporary file that is copied into the mirror as a hidden file. Then, the operators of the master server can check, if there were problems with that mirror server!

flock

flock is a utility that ensures, that a certain command is only called once. The way I use it is:

flock -xn ./mirror_sagemath.lock rsync ....

1. -xn means, that it should grap an eXclusive lock and should Not run, when the task is already running

2. ./mirror_sagemath.lock is the lock file

3. then, the entire rsync command ...

No flock ???

It might happen that the debian package linux-utils (that holds flock) is not installed. I found a nice workaround at stackoverflow. This is how I use it:

$ cat rsync_sagemath

# rsyncs from sage.math.washington.edu using it's rsync daemon
# for automated use, remove the "vv" and "progress" switches

# locking mechanism from http://stackoverflow.com/questions/185451/quick-and-dirty-way-to-ensure-only-one-instance-of-a-shell-script-is-running-at-a
# since flock is not installed :(

cd

LOCKFILE=./rsync_sagemath.lock

if [ -e ${LOCKFILE} ] \&\& kill -0 `cat ${LOCKFILE}`; then
    echo "rsync_sagemath already running ... exit"
    exit
fi

# make sure the lockfile is removed when we exit and then claim it
trap "rm -f ${LOCKFILE}; exit" INT TERM EXIT
echo $$ > ${LOCKFILE}

# actual work
rsync -av --delete-after --partial sage.math.washington.edu::sage /home/<username>/sage/

rm -f ${LOCKFILE}