\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{sagetex}

\begin{document}

The total number of Powerball lottery tickets is $\sage{59^5 * 39}$.

Talk about this stuff and put in all your usual \LaTeX{} stuff.

Now I want to show the reader some Sage commands:
\begin{sageblock}
 1+1
 var('a,b,c')
 eqn = [a+b*c==1, b-a*c==0, a+b==5]
 s = solve(eqn, a,b,c)
\end{sageblock}

The solutions to \texttt{eqn} are $\sage{s}$.

The \texttt{sageblock} environment is typeset \emph{and} executed. If you just want to display and \emph{not} execute, use \texttt{sageverbatim}:

\begin{sageverbatim}
sage: factor(factorial(factorial(factorial(9999999)))))) # long time
whatever
syntax ( error! '''
\end{sageverbatim}

The opposite---execute but don't display---is \texttt{sagesilent}.

\begin{sagesilent}
 x = 59^5 * 39
 \end{sagesilent}
 
In base 6, that number is $\sage{x.str(6)}$ and in base 11, it is $\sage{x.str(11)}$. 

Neither executing nor displaying: either just comment out your code or use the \texttt{comment} environment.

\begin{comment}
oh yeah this is totally a comment
\end{comment}

\end{document}